Glossary
Counties and local government

What is Energy savings performance contract (ESPC) measurement?

Definition

Energy savings performance contract (ESPC) measurement is the measurement and verification process that shows whether the energy and water savings promised in a performance contract actually occurred. Because the contractor's payments are funded from those savings, the public owner needs an independent, measured view of the baseline and the results over the life of the contract.

What it is

In an ESPC, an energy service company designs and installs upgrades and guarantees a level of savings. The owner pays for the project over time from the savings. Measurement and verification, or M&V, is how both sides agree whether the guarantee was met.

M&V plans usually follow IPMVP options. Some measures are verified by measuring key parameters or isolating the retrofit with sub-meters, others by whole-facility analysis of utility data. Some savings are stipulated, meaning agreed on paper and not measured each year.

Owners often rely on the contractor's annual M&V report. Independent metering lets the owner check the baseline, see whether savings persist, and spot measures that have stopped performing.

Who it applies to / where it is used

ESPCs are widely used by counties, cities, school districts, universities, hospitals, state agencies and federal facilities. Facilities directors, finance offices, auditors and procurement teams all have a stake in the M&V results.

How it is measured / what evidence it needs

Strong ESPC evidence covers the baseline, adjustments and post-installation performance, with stated uncertainty.

  • Baseline period energy and water, with weather and occupancy variables
  • Retrofit isolation meters for key measures
  • Whole-facility interval data after installation
  • Adjustments for changes in use, hours or space
  • Annual savings compared with the guarantee

How Aqueduct helps

Aqueduct gives the owner its own measured view of ESPC performance, alongside the contractor's report.

  • Weather-normalized regression baselines built from bills and meter data
  • Retrofit isolation with sub-meters on the measures that matter most
  • Ongoing tracking that flags measures whose savings are slipping
  • Measured records the owner, contractor and auditors can review together
Questions

Energy savings performance contract (ESPC) measurement: common questions

Measurement and verification is the process of determining whether an ESPC's guaranteed savings occurred, by comparing measured use after the upgrades with an adjusted baseline.

Stipulated savings are agreed values that are not measured each year. They reduce M&V cost but leave the owner relying on assumptions for those measures.

Independent data lets the owner confirm the baseline, see whether savings persist and raise issues early, rather than relying only on the contractor's annual report.

It depends on the measure and the plan. Options that isolate the retrofit suit specific equipment, while whole-facility options suit projects with many interacting measures.

See Aqueduct on your own facility.

Bring a site, a utility bill or a question. We will show you where the loss is.